An HID replacement lamp is an LED retrofit lamp designed for one-for-one replacement of a high-intensity discharge lamp, with no or minimal modifications to the existing fixture that it houses. It emulates the physical specifications, optical distribution and luminous flux of the HID lamp to be replaced while operating on a different technology platform to enhance the value of an HID fixture. Over the past decade, the push for energy efficiency and sustainable development in many parts of the globe has led to ever-tightening energy codes aimed at phasing out resource-intensive lighting technologies. The two basic ways to upgrade the existing lighting infrastructure are retrofit and redesign. For projects pressured by tight budgets, retrofit is often the first choice because it is minimally disruptive and involves only lamp replacement, although simple electrical rewiring to bypass the ballast is often necessary. With redesign, however, new luminaires, new circuits and controls need to be installed.
An HID replacement lamp is commonly a self-ballasted LED system in which the LED driver is co-located within the lamp housing. Co-located systems can be divided into two types. UL-Type A HID replacement lamps are plug-and-play LED retrofit lamps that operate off the existing HID ballasts. A retrofit is performed by simply removing the existing HID lamp and replacing it with the LED lamp. No modifications to the existing fixture are required. UL-Type B HID replacement lamps run on mains voltage. The existing ballast must be removed, and line voltage is wired directly to the existing socket.