A high power LED bulb refers to any integrated LED lamp that produces a lumen output higher than what a GLS LED lamp of the highest wattage rating can produce. We define this category of products as LED bulbs that operate at 20 watts or above, up to 100 watts. LED light bulbs that draw more than 100 watts of electrical power are generally HID replacement lamps which are typically installed in commercial, industrial and outdoor light fixtures. The high power LED bulbs discussed here are instituted for ceiling-mounted lighting in commercial and household scenarios. They are primarily designed as energy efficient alternatives to high wattage compact fluorescent lamps. However, UL-Type B HID replacement lamps may be listed here as well, if their styles and light distributions are suited to general purpose high bay and low bay lighting applications. A UL-Type B LED lamp is a ballast bypassed LED retrofit lamp powered directly from the mains voltage. It is as self-ballasted as a CFL lamp, which means the LED lamp can operate on a socket wired to use line voltage as well.
A high power LED bulb integrates multiple interdependent components to produce light. The integrated assembly is typically comprised of an LED module, LED driver, heat sink, housing, PC envelope and base. The LED module is generally an array of SMD packages populated onto a metal-core printed circuit board (MCPCB). There also may be LED assemblies composed of multiple LED modules which are designed to replicate the axially symmetrical distribution of traditional lamps. The LED module is thermally interfaced with the heat sink and electrically connected to the load side of the LED driver. The heat sink is held by or mechanically engaged with a housing which is often made from a thermoplastic polymer. The driver circuit is held in place at the base chamber and thermally isolated from the heat sink. The PC envelope is usually a diffusing lens that serves to provide glare control and create an omni-directional beam spread. High power LED bulbs are most often capped by E26/E27 medium screw bases, but the larger E39 “Mogul” and E40 “Goliath” bases or other types of bases are used in a number of applications or markets.
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